They thought they had a birth claim. That these words are used in a national and not in a personal sense, is evident from this: that, taken in the latter sense they are not true, for Jacob never did exercise any power over Esau, nor was Esau ever subject to him. The covenants - The covenants made with Abraham, both that which relates to the spiritual seed, and that which was peculiar to his natural descendants, Galatians 3:16, Galatians 3:17; which covenants were afterwards renewed by Moses, Deuteronomy 29:1. Scriptural Evidence for the Necessity of Obedience in Salvation, The Doctrine of Immortality in the Early Church - John H. Roller, Luther's views on soul sleep and the after life, Make Good Use of Your Servitude - Observations on Biblical Slavery, The Consensus of Current Scholarship: The Soul is Not Immortal, Killing the Canaanites - A Response to the New Atheism's "Divine Genocide" Claims. Jump to: Adam Clarke Commentary; Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible; Haldane's Exposition on the Epistle to the Romans and Hebrews ; Coffman Commentaries … Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will - This is the apostle's conclusion from the facts already laid down: that God, according to his own will and wisdom, in perfect righteousness, bestows mercy; that is to say, his blessings upon one part of mankind, (the Jews of old, and the Gentiles of the present time), while he suffers another part (the Egyptians of old, and the Jews of the present day) to go on in the abuse of his goodness and forbearance, hardening themselves in sin, till he brings upon them a most just and exemplary punishment, unless this be prevented by their deep repentance and general return to God through Jesus the promised, the real Messiah. Romans 9 Resources. And calls the spirit with a cheerful cry, All hail, Patroclus! Alas poor Israel. Pharaoh and the Egyptians were vessels of wrath - persons deeply guilty before God; and by their obstinate refusal of his grace, and abuse of his goodness, they had fitted themselves for that destruction which the wrath, the vindictive justice of God, inflicted, after he had endured their obstinate rebellion with much long-suffering; which is a most absolute proof that the hardening of their hearts, and their ultimate punishment, were the consequences of their obstinate refusal of his grace and abuse of his goodness; as the history in Exodus sufficiently shows. Commentary on Romans 9:25-29 (Read Romans 9:25-29) The rejecting of the Jews, and the taking in the Gentiles, were foretold in the Old Testament. The Greek word αναθεμα, anathema, properly signifies any thing devoted to God, so as to be destroyed: it answers to the Hebrew חרם cherem, which the Septuagint translate by it, and means either a thing or person separated from its former state or condition, and devoted to destruction. He will love his own, and glorify himself in the midst of his people. And your eyes shall see, and ye shall say, The Lord will be magnified from the border of Israel. Surely they had some right to it. The apostle, having plainly asserted and largely proved that justification and salvation are to had by faith only, and not by the works of the law, by Christ and not by Moses, comes in this and the following chapters to anticipate an objection which might be made against this. Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour? God has a covenant relationship with Israel: • God promised Abram, “I will make of you a great nation. God hath made, created, formed the Jewish nation; and shall the thing formed, when it hath corrupted itself, pretend to correct the wise and gracious Author of its being, and say, Why hast thou made me thus? Thus, while Themistocles at Salamine was offering sacrifice, three captives, the sons of Sandance, and nephews to Xerxes, all distinguished for their beauty, elegantly dressed and decked, as became their birth, with ornaments of gold, being brought on board his galley, the augur, Euphrantides, observing at the very instant a bright flame ascending from the altar, whilst one was sneezing on the right, which he regarded as a propitious omen, he seized the hand of Themistocles, and commanded that they should all be sacrificed to Bacchus, (ωμηστῃ Διονυσῳ - cruel and relentless Bacchus! Sproul writes in his commentary Romans: “If grace is owed, it is not grace. It was probably in this manner the Ammonites offered up their children to Moloch. Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth. Whose are the fathers - Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, the twelve patriarchs, Moses, Joshua, Samuel, David, etc., etc., without controversy, the greatest and most eminent men that ever flourished under heaven. Of nine large dogs, domestic at his board. - Oscar Cullmann, Immortality or Resurrection? If men will maintain these and such like for Scriptural doctrines, it is but reasonable to request that it be done in the spirit of the Gospel. If this be so, then what becomes of the Jews, of them all as a complex body, especially those of them that do not embrace … The Carthaginians, as Diodorus Siculus informs us, bound themselves by a solemn vow to Chronus that they would sacrifice to him children selected from the offspring of their nobles; but in process of time they substituted for these the children of their slaves, which practice they continued, till, being defeated by Agathocles, tyrant of Sicily, and attributing their disgrace to the anger of the god, they offered two hundred children, taken from the most distinguished families in Carthage; besides which, three hundred citizens presented themselves, that by their voluntary death they might render the deity propitious to their country. This, and this alone, seems to be the meaning of the apostle's wish. But men shall not be received into eternal life or subjected to eternal damnation at the last day in collective bodies, but according as particular persons in those bodies have acted well or ill; therefore, … Romans 9 theme statement: God is just in choosing Israel to be his redeemer nation. Very few passages in the New Testament have puzzled critics and commentators more than this. Ishmael was the firstborn son of Abraham; but he was passed by, for the promise was, “In Isaac shall thy seed be called.”, Romans 9:8-10. If neither the prophet nor the apostle speaks of the persons of Jacob or Esau, but of their posterity, then it is evident that neither the love of God to Jacob, nor the hatred of God to Esau, were such, according to which the eternal states of men, either in happiness or misery, are to be determined; nor is there here any Scriptural or rational ground for the decree of unconditional personal election and reprobation, which, comparatively, modern times have endeavored to build on these scriptures. What Is The Evidence For/Against The Existence Of God? The strictness of the law showed men their need of salvation by grace, through faith. A hundred feet in length, a hundred wide. - And where lies their mistake? Can True Christians Commit Apostasy? To show his wrath, and to make his power known. I answer: The true notion of the calling or inviting of the Gentiles is this: whereas they had no apprehension of being reinstated in the privileges of God's peculiar kingdom, and consequently used no endeavors to obtain that blessing, yet, notwithstanding, they have attained to justification, to the remission of sins, and the privileges of God's people: not on account of their prior worthiness and obedience, but purely by the grace and mercy of God, received by faith on their part. But the Scripture no where represents eternal life as bestowed upon any family or race of men in this manner; therefore this election mentioned by the apostle cannot be an election unto eternal life. The scope of the apostle's reasoning is to show that God is the sovereign of his own ways, has a right to dispense his blessings as he chooses, and to give salvation to mankind, not in the ways of their devising, but in that way that is most suitable to his infinite wisdom and goodness. But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness. So saying, he urged forward his impetuous steed, and buried himself in the abyss. Is Hell eternal torment or eternal death. Oh, the terrible hardness of the human heart; and what poor things the richest privileges are unless the grace of God goes with them to give us the inner secret of true faith in Christ! Gender Revolution - What are they teaching your kids? - Darryl M. Erkel, Church Leaders and the Use of Honorific Titles, Feeding Sheep or Amusing Goats - Charles Spurgeon, House-Churches? He had slightly touched on this subject at the beginning of the third chapter; but it would have broken in too much on the thread of his discourse to have pursued the argument there, for which reason he appears to have reserved it to this place, where he. This is part of a series of posts on Romans. IV. EXEGESIS: ROMANS 9-11: THE CONTEXT. Why am I condemned for that which brings so much glory to him? 9 I speak the truth in Christ—I am not lying, my conscience confirms it through the Holy Spirit— 2 I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. Old John Goodwin's note on this passage is at least curious: "I scarce (says he) know any passage of the Scripture more frequently abused than this. Updated: Thu, 11/12/2020 - 13:48 By admin. Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, Why hast thou made me thus? This poem contains a description of the Ushwamedha, or most solemn sacrifice of the white horse, instituted by Swuymbhoo, that is, by the self-existent. Thus it appears the words may be justly applied to our blessed Lord." Romans 9–11 were vitally important to the apostle Paul as he penned this epistle. He speaks after a royal fashion: “I will.” tie asks no man’s leave for what he will do: “I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.”, Romans 9:26. But in succeeding generations, when it was conceived that one great and most malignant spirit was the proper object of their fear, or that subordinate provincial gods, equally malignant, nesciaque humanis precibus mansuescere corda, disposed of all things in our world, men bound their own species to the altar, and in circumstances of national distress presented such as they valued most, either their children or themselves. HELL: Agreeably to the purpose of God according to election, it was said to Rebecca, The elder shall serve the younger; but to serve, in Scripture, never meant to be eternally damned in the world to come: consequently the opposite blessing, bestowed upon the posterity of the younger, could not be eternal salvation, but certain privileges in this life; therefore the purpose according to election refers to those privileges, and the servitude does not imply everlasting perdition. The "Clergy/Laity" Distinction: A Hindrance to the Church? I have loved you, saith the Lord: yet ye say, Wherein hast thou loved us? Nay but, O man, who art thou that repliest against God? But the parents perfectly understood their God, and saw no decree of reprobation in his message; two manner of nations are in thy womb - and the elder shall serve the younger. And that he is ευλογητος, blessed for ever, or the object of everlasting blessing, is evident from  Revelation 5:12,  Revelation 5:13; : Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive power - and blessing and honor be unto him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for ever and ever. Nay but, O man, who art thou - As if he had said: Weak, ignorant man, darest thou retort on the infinitely good and righteous God? Children and the Rod of Correction - Dave Miller, Ph.D. Christian Practice - Evidence of Grace - Edwards, How Should Christians Watch TV? Then follows a particular account of a human sacrifice, in which the victim, distinguished for filial piety, for resignation to his father's will, and for purity of heart, was bound by the king himself and delivered to the priest; but at the very instant when his blood was to have been shed, this illustrious youth was by miracle delivered; and the monarch, as the reward of his intended sacrifice, received virtue, prosperity, and fame. Dr. R.C. 3 I belong to the same family as they do. A Protest - Joseph Agar Beet D.D. To this the Lord answers: Was not Esau Jacob's brother? Romans 9:9-13 Commentary. Esaias also crieth - The apostle pursues his argument, which had for its object the proof that God, for their infidelity, had rejected the great body of the Jews, and that but a few of them would embrace the Gospel, and be saved from that besom of destruction which was now coming to sweep them and their state away. But, in Isaac shall thy seed be called - The promise is not confined to immediate natural descent, but may be accomplished in any part of Abraham's posterity. The Immortality of the Soul: If he had not foreseen that the declaration of this doctrine would provoke such remarks, he would not have put it so: “What shall we say then? Achilles covered with their fat the dead. As if he had said: I will make such a display of my perfections as shall convince you that my nature is kind and beneficent; but know, that I am a debtor to none of my creatures. Now let us turn our thoughts to the true reason and state of the affair considered in itself. But when men shall call a solid answer to their groundless conceits about the meaning of the Scriptures, a replying against God, it savours more of the spirit who was seen falling like lightning from heaven, than of His, who saw him in this his fall.". The election the apostle speaks of is not of works, Romans 9:11, but of the mere will of God, who calls and invites, and refers to no qualifications in the persons thus elected and called. The Nature of Man - Dualistic or Holistic? He that believeth on my Son Jesus shall be saved; and he that believeth not shall be damned. B. Lightfoot, Consummation of the pre-Messianic Age and the Parousia, Destruction of Jerusalem vs. Whose high privileges he enumerates, Romans 9:4, Romans 9:5. He has the same power over the human race as the potter has over the clay, Romans 9:21-23. What if God, willing to show his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction: And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory, Even us, whom he hath called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles? Though in the preceding notes I have endeavored to make every point as clear and plain as possible; yet it may be necessary, in order to see the scope of the apostle's design more distinctly, to take a general survey of the whole. God forbid.”. - James P. Shelly, Genesis Week - Refuting Evolution - 100 Videos, The Enormity of the Error of Perverting the Gospel. twelve Trojan captives fell; On these the rage of fire victorious preys. Yes Paul … And therefore I now spare the Jews; not because either you, who intercede for them or they themselves have any claim upon my favor, but of my own free and sovereign grace I choose to show them mercy and compassion. He appeals to Christ as the searcher of hearts that he tells the truth; asserts that his conscience was free from all guile in this matter, and that the Holy Ghost bore him testimony that what he said was true. If they are brought to a level with the Gentiles, will it not follow that God hath failed in the performance of his promise to Abraham? Romans 9:26. The great issue at stake in these chapters is God’s faithfulness. "When mankind lost sight of a beneficent Creator, the God of purity, and consecrated altars to the sun, the moon, the stars; to demons; and to hero gods, under the names of Moloch, Ashtaroth and Baalim; these objects of their worship led them to the most horrid acts of cruelty, and to every species of obscenity; even their sons and their daughters they burnt in the fire to their gods, more especially in seasons of distress. read) for my brethren.' God reserves to Himself the sovereign, absolute right to give grace to some and withhold that grace from others.” If we demand that God show grace, we misunderstand grace. For they … The mode of sacrificing these children was horrid in the extreme, for they were cast into the arms of a brazen statue, and from thence dropped into a furnace, as was practised among the first inhabitants of Latium. Romans 14:7 For not one of us lives for himself, and not one dies for himself; (NASB: Lockman) Greek: oudeis gar hemon heauto ze (3SPAI) kai oudeis heauto apothneskei (3SPAI) Amplified: None of us lives to himself [but to the Lord], and none of us dies to himself [but to … By passing over Ishmael, God showed that there was nothing of saving in blood or birth. The Immortality of the Soul: Wherefore? These were peculiar to the Jews; no other nation was ever thus favored. Let us again read what he here says: “Is there unrighteousness with God? To this and the tenth chapter, Dr. Taylor has prefixed the following judicious summary: -. The words " even us" confirm beyond any doubt that Romans 9 is about individuals being chosen. What shall we say then? And it shall come to pass, etc. And at what instant I shall speak concerning a nation - to build and to plant it; is it do evil in my sight, that it obey not my voice, then I will repent of the good wherewith I said I would benefit them. This: That the Gentiles which followed not after righteousness, etc. In Midrash hanneelam, in Sohar Chadash, fol. So the godly were not destroyed from the land; some remained, and the harvest was in the days of the apostles. of the imperfect tense, some have been led to think that St. Paul is here mentioning what had passed through his own mind when filled with the love of God, he learned the rejection of the Jews; and that he only mentions it here as a thing which, in the effusions of his loving zeal, had been felt by him inconsiderately, and without any Divine afflatus leading him to it; but that he does not intimate that now he felt any such unreasonable and preposterous wish." It is certain that the word, both among the Hebrews and Greeks, was used to express a person devoted to destruction for the public safety. Theologian Paul on Life, Death, and Immortality - Froom, Gravity of Ascribing False Teachings to Christ - (refernce to Dives and Lazarus), The Old Testament Use of the Word Sheol (Hell), The Rich Man and Lazarus: An Intermediate State? - Taylor, p. 330. -, That is, They which are the children of the flesh -, For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy, etc. This being the fixed opinion of the Jews, and the ground on which they opposed the Gentiles and endeavored to sap the foundation of their hope of salvation from the Gospel of Christ, it was therefore a matter of the utmost importance to be able to prove that the Jews, by rejecting Christ and his Gospel, were themselves cast out of the Church, and this in a way perfectly consistent with the truth of the promise made to Abraham. Paul is always jealous lest anyone should suppose that the Word of God has failed, or that the purpose of God has come to naught. III. Go to, To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use our convenient, For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ -, εγω αναθεμα ειναι απο του Χριστου ὑπερτων αδελφων μου, And of whom, as concerning the flesh Christ came -, Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect -, Neither because they are the seed of Abraham, etc. Romans 9:30. - Townsend's character of Moses, p. 76. From these premises the true sense of the words immediately following, Jacob have I loved, and Esau have I hated, Malachi 1:2, Malachi 1:3, fully appears; that is, that what he had already cited from Moses concerning the two nations, styled by the names of their respective heads, Jacob and Esau, was but the same in substance with what was spoken many years after by the Prophet Malachi. - Nor can they conclude, because they are the natural descendants of Abraham, that therefore they are all of them, without exception, the children in whom the promise is to be fulfilled. Biblical Commentary (Bible study) Romans 9:1-5. Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. I will bless you and make your name great. Romans 9:20-25. They attend not to the Abrahamic covenant, which stands on the extensive principles of grace and faith; but they turn all their regards to the law of Moses. Now, if we turn back and review those three chapters, we shall find that the apostle, Romans 11:1, heartily desired and prayed that those same reprobated and rejected people of Israel might be saved; he affirms that they had not stumbled so as to fall finally and irrecoverably, Romans 11:11; that they should have again a fullness, Romans 11:12; that they should be received again into the Church, Romans 11:16; that a holiness still belonged to them, Romans 11:16; that if they did not still abide in unbelief, they should be grafted into their own olive tree again, Romans 11:23, Romans 11:24; that blindness had happened unto them only for a time, till the fullness of the Gentiles be come in, Romans 11:25; and then he proves from Scripture, that all Israel - all those nations at present under blindness, shall be saved, Romans 11:26, Romans 11:27; that, as touching the (original) election, they were still beloved for the fathers', the patriarchs', sake, Romans 11:28; that, in their case, the gifts and calling of God were without repentance, Romans 11:29; that through our (the believing Gentiles') mercy, they shall at length obtain mercy, Romans 11:31. 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